INTRACELLULAR Ca2+ HOMEOSTASIS

INTRACELLULAR Ca2+ HOMEOSTASIS

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Ca2+ signaling functions to regulate many cellular processes.Dynamics of Ca2+ signaling or homeostasis is regulated by the interaction between ON and OFF reactions that control Ca2+ flux in both the plasma membrane and internal organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) click here and mitochondria.External stimuli activate the ON reactions, which include Ca2+ into the cytoplasm either through channels in the plasma membrane or from internal storage like in ER.Most of the cells utilize both channels/sources, butthere area few cells using an external or internal source to control certain processes.Most of the Ca2+ entering the cytoplasm adsorbed to the buffer, while a smaller part activate effect or to stimulate cellular processes.

Reaction OFF is pumping of cytoplasmic Ca2+ using a combination mechanism of mitochondrial and others.Changes in Ca2+ signal has been detected in various tissues isolated from animals induced into diabetes as well as patients with diabetes.Ca2+ signal interference is also found in sensory neurons of socialstudiesscholar.com experimental animals with diabetes.Ca2+ signaling is one of the main signaling systems in the cell.